Souvenirs d'un autre temps
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Souvenirs d'un autre temps |
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Joseph WassilievFrère de Dimitri, oncle de Nathalie Wassilief Streltsy Vasiliev. Time and peace Sophia ... Photo of Paul Ostryakova
Several years ago, the head of the museum in the village of Strelets Dolgorukov Vladimir Belolipetskii district sent a letter to the editor television program "Wait for me." Asked for help in tracing the descendants of Vassiliev type. He himself had long been engaged in this search. The occasion was the story of Valentin Pikul 'As the grass in the field "of the abbot of the temple of Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Paris.
Pedigree In a letter to Vladimir television have tried to be brief. "We are looking for descendants of the kind of Vassiliev. The priest Vasily Vasilyev (approximate years of his life 1801-1884) served in the village church, which he himself had built, stone. It was consecrated in 1836 in honor of the Archangel Michael. In Soviet times, the temple was destroyed. He has not been recovered to this day. But in 2007 the fence was the altar of service with the opening of the monument at the grave of the priest Basil. This honor was awarded the man, not only for their personal efforts. He gave a beautiful Russian Orthodox sons to serve the Fatherland. Vasiliy Vasilyev had eight children. Michael and John will go the way of his father, becoming the village priest. Son of Michael James served in the same place 47 years from 1865 to 1913. By the way, built on the foundation they built the building houses our museum. For church leaders were married the daughter of Alexander - a deacon Marinin, Maria - a cantor from Svishen. Two sons, whose names we do not know, served as officers: one in Poltava, the other - in Astrakhan. And two from the St. Petersburg Theological Academy, and became famous not only in Russia but also abroad. Dmitry Vasiliev served 35 years in France, first at Nice and then in Paris. He was awarded many national prizes. And the Legion of Honor was presented to him by French President Felix Faure at the reception of Nicholas II and his wife during their travels in this country. Archpriest Dmitry died in 1902, is buried at the cemetery Monmartrovskom. The fate of his five children, we still do not know. The most famous of the sons Vasily Vasilyev - Joseph. It was he who in 1846 was sent to the embassy church in Paris, which represented only a small room. Obtained permission of the Holy Synod to raise funds for the construction of an Orthodox church. Thanks to him, and was elevated to the famous temple of Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in the French capital. Joseph Vasiliev played a role not only Orthodox priest, but, in fact, the Ambassador of the Russian state. His theological works, and now very popular. In 1867, the archpriest was transferred to St. Petersburg and was appointed chairman of the academic committee of the Holy Synod. Joseph died in 1881, Vasiliev. At the funeral at the cemetery of St. Nicholas the New attended the whole of the Bishops' Council, which is rare. Today we did not find traces of the graves of a fine son of an Orthodox Fatherland. Approximately in its place is a monument to St. Petersburg mayor Anatoly Sobchak perestroika ... Joseph has been Vasilieva six daughters and three sons. I am sure that among the descendants of such a strong personality is worthy representatives of the family. I would like to bring them all together in our Lipetsk, Streltsy earth. " Alas, while the head of the museum in the village of Ostankino was not
heard. Perhaps the original information was too small. Therefore, our
magazine (as previously reported) also decided to connect to a search of
descendants Vasilyev. We started with the most famous branch of the family
tree musketeers priest Vasily Vasilyev. Children of Joseph On children Archpriest Joseph Vasiliev casually mentions Valentin Pikul. And although his short story "How the grass in the field" - not a historical document in its purest form, allow yourself a few quotations from it. First, once again about the priest. "Were the forties - the terrible, Nikolaev. Spiritual Academy of capital an institution has always been considered a strict, this is not a seminary in the fertile province, where the seminarians will drink and eat pickled cucumber. Taught soundly. Latin, Greek, philosophy, history ... At this time, and graduated from the academy a Osip Vasilyev - from the very poor, almost a pauper of the family, but the guy is amazingly intelligent and educated. His thesis for a Masters' On the primacy of the Pope ", written in Latin, it has revealed a great depth of knowledge in the history of the church, he became prochit professorship. But the student of the department refused, saying that he wanted to be a priest. The Synod did not object to the Synod of lords it was authoritatively announced: - Okay. Now the Paris embassy church requires at times ... But before the priest and marry. " Osip wife chose the six daughters of the priest of the church in the Volkov Cemetery Euphemia Flerov ... "Osip Vasilyev on second thought decided on Annushka, the benefit of studying in a boarding house Zalivkinoy and French understood. In those days the daughters of the priests taught little, considering that even without much study can survive, but the pop graveyard was walking ahead of his time, and the girls danced to it even though Smolyanka ... Immediately after the wedding, the young Dean and his wife left for Paris, and there just ripe for revolution, when the people overthrew King Louis Philippe, erected barricades in the streets, the windows had to stop cushions, from which the morning shook the bullets stuck in the feathers. By the sound of gunfire, Anna Efimovna without much effort, and even some pleasantness hastily bore dscheritsu first, and then as gone as gone - my daughter for her daughter, only manage to scroll calendar to choose a decent name for the baptism of a newborn. Sometimes Madame Vasilieva withdrawal of their children for a walk - to the Parc Monceau and back. All the girls in little white dresses in the same pryunelevyh shoes, all in identical caps "a la sensation", held on to each junior high band, going ahead, and the mother now and then distributed them to frivolous "shpandyri" to behave decorously and decently ... " Note that Joseph Vasiliev, as stated in his article "The coat under it - the pectoral cross," the historian Maria Oderova, enamored with everything that has been associated with Russia, held in the house only the Russian workers, are strictly followed so that each family members spoke in Russian. At the same time ... Paris Fr freely spoke and wrote in French, wore secular clothes, was in the house of a rich wine cellar, had its own crew. The daughter of the priest recalled: "What the Russian colony is very loved and respected my father, this has not been surprising: many foreign priests also used his love of the parish, but the unusual fact that my father is also valued the French high society of Saint-Germain, where he was invited in the salons of the nobility " . We have yet to figure out which of the daughters belong to these
words. In the meantime, we turn to indirect sources to learn about the
oldest. Senior in-law The first dscheritsu Vasiliev called Sophia. We are not able to find information about it. And then suddenly they opened ... The site of Nizhny Novgorod seminary has information on the presentation of the book "Memories of the old professor. From 1847 to 1913. " The author, as it turns out, have a senior in-law Joseph Vasiliev. Aleksandar Katansky - known scholar of pre-revolutionary Russia. Born in 1836, died in 1919. It was a great mentor, Nizhny Novgorod Archimandrite Sergius (Stragorodsky), then became the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia. He graduated from the Nizhny Novgorod seminary, and then Theological Academy in St. Petersburg. And always keep the memory of this man of encyclopedic knowledge, a bright personality. The site of Prince St. Vladimir's Cathedral in St. Petersburg is laid out to read the book "Succession," edited by the Cathedral archpriest Vladimir Sorokin. In it, among other scholars, and remember with gratitude Katansky. There he and a picture of the artist Irina Kovaleva, "Theology and Life." Talent Aleksandar revealed in many of his works, including the "Memoirs." Everyone interested in the history of our country can be found in a lot of importance for themselves. For example, it was interesting to learn from the successes-in-law of Joseph Vasiliev in journalism (at the time he edited the "Church Herald"), and publishing activities (a few years he was part owner of printing press). Here are a few of his remarks: "As for my participation in the typographic case, the activity of this kind was of considerable importance to me: it takes me a lot of time and effort, much distracted from the lessons of my professor's office, but the then introduced into the circle of literary and in particular, church and civic leaders, closely acquainted me with the book case and a very interesting world of typographical workers ... From typesetters, the people are very developed, but suffers when (not sure how now) All-Russian weakness for vodka, gradually established a good even cordial relations. The initial temper in response to gross and outrageous antics of drunk people - that led to utter insolence on their part - soon gave way to compassionate and patient attitude to them. Not paying attention to their drunken enthusiasm, letting a deaf ear to their antics used to quietly ask them to calm down, send someone from their family instead of himself to get money at the expense of, or payment in full. Intelligence compositors sometimes directly hit. Often heard from them, when typing manuscripts, criticism of the typed text, such as the following comments: "What nonsense, what nonsense, whether it was worth printing." In particular, it struck us a hard copy at our festival, December 6, the day of St. Nicholas, the patron saint of all the hapless tipografschikov ... gave a prayer with Blessing of the Waters, then he should "velie consolation" for the brethren with an abundance of pity, and dishes. Attended by all workers (up to fifty or sixty people) and, of course, we are the masters of families. Attended these festivals and the former owner, AI Popovitsky and after ceased to be the owner of the printing press. In one of these holidays suddenly came up to him a drunken worker and says in a greeting as follows: "You, AI, write so easily and beautifully, not that that is very deep, but very, very pleased you have read." Remarkable characteristic of true!Toasts with the outpouring of feelings of the workers had to listen to me. In general, it should be noted that the printer has given me an excellent opportunity to get acquainted closely ... with the advantages and disadvantages of our Russian working people and to feel, in fact, excellent, his soul, in spite of ulcers and tumors, grafted to her terms and conditions of our national life and the urban, metropolitan life. In the end I was so akin to the work environment, even with a certain sadness to part with it when it has long desired and expected time of printing pass into other hands " . These observations, a lot of bright features in the book by Alexander L. Katanskogo. In the preface to it states: "In all the known time of severe hard times in the spring of 1919, painfully and sadly departed to the Lord, it would seem absolutely not correct the" new Russia ", the old man, who was 83rd year. In a hungry frenzy, like a baby, smacking his lips, he plaintively asked his elderly wife, "Mother, I want to have ... mom ... I want to have." But this helpless old man was one of those lifelong tirelessly worked on the greatness and glory of the Orthodox theology of science. " And the elderly couple - Sophia, eldest daughter of Joseph and Anna Vasilyevich Vasilyev Yefimovna. But the wind off the life of an old professor of film back to the time of the
meeting of the future couple. Aleksandar recalls was stunned when he was
offered to meet with the family of the famous abbot of the Paris Embassy Church,
which came with two of his daughters to St. Petersburg at the end of
1866. "It is not believing in the possibility of such an unusual
marriage, more for fun and scattering tomivshey I was bored, decided, however,
to go to St. Petersburg for a meeting with the venerable family , - says
Alexander Katansky. - Took a 14-day leave and came to St.
Petersburg in early October, on the day of entry there Danish Princess Dagmar,
the bride of the then Sovereign Heir, Alexander Alexandrovich, the present
Empress Maria Feodorovna. Not long continued my courtship: a week after my
first meeting with the bride, we were engaged " . Beautiful France "We decided to get married in Paris, where all Vasiliev, who visited St. Petersburg, were with me, go to the end of December 1866, just before the Christmas holiday. When it came time, I took the official permission to marry and leave in 28 days for a trip abroad. In addition, to report to the Metropolitan Filaret to personally receive his blessing. Metropolitan received me very graciously ... He knew Vasiliev and respected him very much, which is not surprising after the famous letter to Joseph Vasilievich bishop of Nantes, and built a Russian Orthodox church in Paris ... Before the wedding on. IV introduced me to Paris and its attractions. We were in Paris Cathedral Notre Dame, in the sacristy of which there are several items from our Russian church plate, taken by French troops during the Crimean War. It struck me as French minister, showing us the vestry. He orate with such extraordinary eloquence and fervor, as if he had to talk to us first. My companion and leader explained to me that the aforesaid minister is not an exception to the general rule that all Frenchmen - great speakers, that some street vendor, such as pencils, says the big pathetic speech, the audience gathered around him, recommending their products. We visited the Pantheon, with an unusually broad view of all Paris, with the lattice around his dome, with a wonderful statue of Voltaire. We looked at the Church of St.. Genevieve, Church of the Invalides (the tomb of Napoleon, at the I), Cluny, and more. Paris, with its light graceful buildings, boulevards funny, extraordinary clarity, extreme liveliness of street life, exquisite courtesy, affability and gaiety of Parisians, the wonderful climate (although in the year in the month of January, there were decent frost to 10 degrees or more) right fascinated me. (Do not forget that it was under Napoleon III, in the era of the most brilliant state of the French capital. After 20 years, in 1886, already in the country, when my wife and I visited Paris again, the picture is different: there was already such a purity in city, and the nature of the Parisians quite dramatically changed for the worse). Of the more than modest Russian Posada hit me like a magical kingdom of
grace, beauty, fun, sophisticated in the center of European
civilization. From what was dizzy, and, of course, was the desire to stay
here forever, or at least then, eventually, to move here after overseas service
elsewhere, a priest ... The temptation was great. Nevertheless, I managed
to defeat him. Helped in this case, my passion for academic service and
partly rooted in my consciousness of my unfitness to serve in the priestly
dignity (lack of a representative appearance, voice weakness and inability to
sing due to the lack of a perfect musical ear), and most importantly - my views
on the height of the pastoral ministry - all very much alive, and felt rejected
by the adoption of the priesthood. That is why, reluctantly, had to leave
one day hopes to serve in our Russian clergy abroad " . Wedding in Paris This subtitle and now it is up to date. Brochures are full of suggestions to get married in the cathedral of Alexander Nevsky. And always make such a ceremony has been prestigious. July 12, 1918 in the magnificent temple exchanged rings by Pablo Picasso and Olga Khokhlova. Witnesses were not less famous figures - Jean Cocteau, Max Jacob, Sergei Diaghilev, Guillaume Apollinaire. In December 1979, Mstislav Rostropovich and Galina Vishnevskaya is present at the wedding of his daughter ... A marriage of Alexander and Sofia Vassilieva Katanskogo held January 18, 1866, after the Christmas time. He sang a beautiful chorus of French opera singers. Gathered almost all the Russian colony, headed by the then Russian ambassador, Baron Budberg. Among the most important persons were present: Ants Count Amur and his wife, Princess Baryatinsky Prince Kochubey, Prince Obolensky and his wife, the Countess Samoilov, Meshcherskaya Princess (later Demidov San Donato), General Chertkov, General Novitsky and his wife, and many others. "We crowned himself, Joseph V. Vasilyev, - says Katansky. - The confluence of the audience for the wedding was so great that the coaches of the Russian nobility was jammed even part closest to the Russian Church Street - Faubourg St. Honore. A famous Russian loud Mitred Archpriest in Paris did what French newspapers were quick to describe the marriage of one of the daughters of the Russian "bishop» (eveque) with a professor at the Moscow Academy of Mr Katansky, and even listed the numerous wedding gifts ... After the wedding, the newlyweds were given to wedding dinners Serene
Princess Chernysheva, and Field Marshal Prince Baryatinsky. This is the
conqueror of the Caucasus, while chained to a chair strongest gout, showed us
the way, great, large diamond studded sword, a gift for the highest conquest of
the Caucasus ... " Return Since then the discipline was strict. From Paris to Posad Katansky Alexander and his young wife returned to the deadline, February 6. We hired a flat at Pereslavl street for 200 rubles a year. In material terms it was not expensive. According to Alexander L., the Moscow Academy was ahead of other similar institutions. It gave an increase to a government salary. For example, a full professor received 1,200 rubles instead of 858, an extraordinary professor - 900 instead of 429 rubles.Katansky received 298 rubles for the post bachelor's, 128 rubles for the post of Assistant Inspector, and by the end of the service at the Moscow Academy (May 14, 1867) - 120 rubles, the apartment benefits. "So it is possible to live very, - says the author of memoirs - if undemanding my young wife. It should be noted that the relocation of the brilliant capital of the world in a humble Russian village she had, surprisingly, very complacent. In this case, except for the serious home education, impact, probably incommensurability quantities such as Paris and Posad, the inability to match them, just as the traveler to some of the civilized world in the country, completely untouched by culture, does not come even in the head to match, compare the incomparable. Many things motivate my young wife, his extraordinary, what, for example, the sight of huge mountains of snow is very harsh, snowy winter of 1867. " However, Sophia was drawn to his homeland. And in the summer of that year, there were reasons for the trip. Here's how to write about them Katansky. "Summer in Paris was the world's fair. In the same year and settled in the spring my father-in appointment, Fr Joseph Vasilievich Vasiliev, the chairman of the newly established Education Committee to the Holy Synod ... We had to move his entire family from Paris to reside permanently in St. Petersburg, after twenty-one years of stay abroad. It was hard to resist the temptation to once again see the city charmed me, but in addition to visit the World's Fair, and the youngest of my wife - say goodbye to the place of her homeland and throughout the virginal life, until her marriage. Reduced tickets are half-special trains (train de plaisir), on the occasion of World Expo, making our company udoboispolnimym and monetary side.Having runs from Paris, we will gladly drove to the border " . It should be noted that the World Exhibition (Exposition Universelle) was represented at the time a grand spectacle. It took place from April to November 1867 on the Champ de Mars. Visitors (and there are a total of about nine million people, including the Russian autocrat Alexander II) saw a lot of technical innovations. Hyuuga telegraph, electric lights, submarine cables, hydraulic lift, ball bearings, mechanical kneading and improved agricultural implements. Starting from this show your display participating countries were placed in specially constructed their national pavilions. Viewers saw the Tyrolean village hut Russian, Egyptian caravansary, eastern minaret, Turkish baths, the Chinese Theatre, English Cottage, American ranch, farm, Dutch, Japanese, kiosk and the reconstruction of the Roman catacombs ... received an impression on his canvases suffered by many artists, including Edouard Manet. A young couple came time to return. Petersburg The new school year has started Katansky Alexander at the St. Petersburg Academy, the Department of dogmatic theology. According to him, the corporate life of teachers is largely different from the Moscow-Posad. Professors and the Bachelor is not lived in such close contact, as in Sergiev Posad. Few people, six people had state-owned apartments in the building of the academy, the rest were scattered around the city. Financial position of teachers metropolitan academy was also somewhat different than in a modest Posada. Salary was not enough for high cost of city life, especially for those families. "For example, take yourself - said Aleksandar. - I hired an apartment for 300 rubles a year, left 400 rubles - for everything about everything, more than a modest content! So we spent the end of 1867 and all of 1868, the beginning of 1869, with the release of the inspector Archimandrite Chrysanthos rekturu at the St. Petersburg Seminary, I received an increase of 200 rubles, I was transferred to his salary - extraordinary professor - in the mind of my family situation, although I have not been elevated to this rank. But this happiness was very short, it lasted two or three months. In such circumstances, necessarily had to resort to literary work as an additional means of existence. In his pocket is usually half of the month turned out to be completely empty, and you go, happened, with some embarrassment, to the treasurer edition "Christian reading" Professor JF Nile for the receipt of 10-15 rubles on account of fees for print in the journal article " . A few years Aleksandar himself was the editor - "Church Bulletin". But in the end he gave up a very heavy burden, as he confessed, "much to the disgust of my wife, who ... was full of indignation at me for my resolute refusal. She said: "Why do not you agreed to stay, and preferred to throw the window of 3000 rubles a year?". What is included in this amount? About 2,000 rubles Aleksandar received as a reward for editorial work, and the rest - as fee. There were rooms that nearly half consisted of various of its articles. Clearly, as far as he tired, while at the same time act as a professor, a board member and assistant to the rector of the Theological department. "Thank God for everything!" "But thanks to earnings, - writes Katansky, - formed a small cash reserve, which gave us the opportunity with my wife later, after retirement, to arrange their own money for old age home in a modest house in Gatchina. On the remains of professorial salaries do anything like that, of course, it was impossible ... Had to wait a long time to increase our academic benefits. Although the government, especially the church, and were realizing the need for this, but the difficult financial situation of our country after the 1877 Turkish War and the troubled years after 1881 prevented the satisfaction of that need. The upgraded Imperially approved only in 1894 ... I retired after 33 years of academic life in 1896. But do not be a new pension, still would have had to serve for many years, until exhaustion ... The first time after the resignation was completely unnoticed - in the bustle of building a house in Gatchina, a year, and then, over time, and permanent shelter in this small, quiet town. These efforts have been great, diverting attention from the sharp changes in their lives. Only on his return to St. Petersburg in late autumn, for permanent residence, I felt the familiar lack of activity and appeared wistful mood of the person, knocked out of the ordinary track. Soon, however, recovered himself: in the first two years helped an active part in cooperation on the "Church Herald", and then, since 1898, has made ??great scientific work, which for several years has focused on himself all of my attention and not let a single minute for boredom. Undertook this work not only to fill his idle time, but in order to fulfill this in a farewell speech to his listeners promise to use "the rest of his forces for that matter, who served on the academic department" . An estimate of the individual Katanskogo and his works can be judged by publications related to the 50th anniversary of its activity (18 November). He himself was on this date, no one said, believed that he had no right to do it. Indeed, by the time he was 17 years in the service, and 7.6 years in literary work was not engaged. However, long before November, in July 1913, the newspaper "The St. Petersburg piece" appeared on the news of the upcoming anniversary, and then in the "Journal of the Church," Rev. Prof. P. Leporskaya published two long articles about the 50-year-old Aleksandar service. Secular newspapers picked up the theme. The triumph was inevitable, but it is done in the most humble circumstances, in Gatchina, where Katanskie settled permanently in 1912. From Petrograd came friends, cousins: Emeritus Professor Alexander Gardens and the daughter of the deceased uncle and his friend Theodore Gerasimovich Olives. Of course, there were a number of the closest people: the wife Sophia Joseph, son of Nicholas and his wife Mary. His book of memoirs old professor has finished on the 81-year life the words of St. John Chrysostom: "Thank God for everything!" Obviously, Aleksandar would like to thank the Creator for giving him and his wife. Sophia Joseph was always there, shared with him the joy and hardships, successes and disappointments. While we found no direct information about the life of the daughter of Archpriest. But close to, to feel the spirit of the times in which she lived, to learn about the people who surrounded her. And it already means something to the beginning of the historical search. |
